Sign language interpreting services provide a vital communication bridge between the hearing community and people who are Deaf or hard-of-hearing. Through them, we ensure equal access to information, resources, and opportunities for all. In this post, we explore the nuances of sign language interpreting, the different types of services available, and the essential role they play in fostering an inclusive society.
There are numerous sign languages used worldwide, each with its own features and dialects, so various interpreting services have developed to meet the diverse needs of these communities. Some interpreters are adept at regional variations of a particular sign language, while others are proficient in multiple sign languages. Services have also been developed to address specific contexts — from Video Relay Services (VRS) and Video Remote Interpreting (VRI) to educational, medical, and legal interpreting. Here are the six main types.
1. American Sign Language (ASL) Interpreting
American Sign Language is the predominant sign language in the United States and Canada, and is closely related to French Sign Language. ASL interpreters are highly skilled professionals who facilitate communication between Deaf or hard-of-hearing individuals and hearing individuals, translating spoken language into ASL and vice versa. They work in educational, medical, legal, and business environments.
2. Signed Exact English (SEE) Interpreting
Signed Exact English represents English visually, using a combination of ASL signs, modified ASL signs, and unique SEE signs. SEE interpreters focus on the exact translation of spoken English into signed English, maintaining the same grammar and word order. It is often used in educational settings, especially for students who rely on English as their primary language.
3. Pidgin Signed English (PSE) Interpreting
Pidgin Signed English combines ASL and English, incorporating elements from both. PSE interpreters use a mixture of ASL signs and English words in a more relaxed grammatical structure. It is often used in casual conversations and settings where both Deaf and hearing individuals are present.
4. Tactile Interpreting
Tactile interpreting is designed for individuals who are both Deaf and blind. Tactile interpreters use Pro-Tactile American Sign Language (PTASL) or other manual techniques, such as hand-over-hand signing, to convey information through touch — allowing DeafBlind individuals to communicate effectively and access vital information about their surroundings.
5. Video Remote Interpreting (VRI)
Video Remote Interpreting is a technology-based service that connects Deaf or hard-of-hearing individuals with a remote interpreter through a video conferencing platform. VRI can be a cost-effective, convenient solution when an on-site interpreter is not available or practical, and is commonly used in medical appointments, business meetings, and educational settings.
6. Certified Deaf Interpreters (CDIs)
Certified Deaf Interpreters are Deaf or hard-of-hearing professionals with specialized training and certification. CDIs have a deep understanding of Deaf culture and the nuances of sign language, which allows them to bridge communication gaps in complex or sensitive situations. They often work alongside hearing interpreters as a team to ensure accurate, culturally appropriate communication.
Why this matters
As the demand for sign language interpreters continues to grow, it is essential for individuals and organizations to be aware of the different types of interpreting services. This awareness allows them to make informed decisions when selecting an interpreter to best meet their needs. In the pursuit of an inclusive society, it is our collective responsibility to break down communication barriers and create accessible environments for everyone — so that no one is left behind.
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